The treatment proved highly effective (Smith, 2018, p. Examples of different types of in-text citation In a narrative citation, the author’s name appears as part of your sentence, not in parentheses. In a parenthetical citation, the author’s name appears in parentheses along with the rest of the information. Author-page citations (used in MLA) are the same except that the year is not included.īoth types are divided into parenthetical and narrative citations. They always direct the reader to a reference list giving more complete information on each source.Īuthor-date citations (used in APA, Harvard, and Chicago author-date) include the author’s last name, the year of publication, and a page number when available. Types of in-text citationĭifferent types of in-text citation are used in different citation styles. For example, you don’t need a citation to prove that Paris is the capital city of France, and including one would be distracting. However, to avoid over-citation, bear in mind that some information is considered common knowledge and doesn’t need to be cited. Example: Paraphrase with APA Style in-text citationThe evolutionary process consists of a series of incremental changes over a long period of time (Darwin, 1859, p. Include page numbers where possible, to show where the information can be found. In-text citations are just as important here as with quotes, to avoid the impression you’re taking credit for someone else’s ideas. Paraphrasing means putting information from a source into your own words. ![]() Example: Quote with APA Style in-text citation Evolution is a gradual process that “can act only by very short and slow steps” (Darwin, 1859, p. Quotes should always be cited (and indicated with quotation marks), and you should include a page number indicating where in the source the quote can be found. ![]() ![]() Quoting means including the original author’s words directly in your text, usually introduced by a signal phrase. An in-text citation should be included whenever you quote or paraphrase a source in your text.
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